Chronology of Cargèse

The Dolmen of Paomia


Unless he is also sensible to the singularities of history, the traveller in the island of
beauty will not be able to appreciate perfectly his visit of Cargèse if he is just sensible
to the beauty of a landscape and to the charm of a seaside village.

When landing at Ajaccio, he reaches Cargèse by a sinuous road, going up through
the San Sebastiano Pass, skirting the gulf of Sagone, going up again, the finally and
surprisingly enterring the village after a last curve.

Suddenly, a surprising sight : two almost twin churches, facing each other and
dominating further below a little haven set a jewel case between God, Death and Sea
are the result of cargèse's Greek immigrant's noble and tragic history.

Built in 1774, burnt in 1789, rebuilt in 1809, attacked in 1814 and 1830, then shaken
anew by mor recent events, the village witnesses that the best and the worst are
always tightly bound together and present on Mediterranean shores, shores that are
so rich in their diversity of races and religions prodigal of noble alliances and bloody
conflicts.

Actually, Cargèse owes its existence to the first Greek immigration of 1676. These
Greeks were Mainotes from the peninsula of Horee in the Peloponnese. They Had
been crushed by the Turks after a now legendary resistance. Their talks with th
Republic of Genes date back to 1663 at that time Corsica was a kind of protectorate.
The small Greek colony landed in Genes on January the first, 1676 and according to
the very precise.


Claude Bonéfant

 

 

Chronology
 

 

The ancestors of the Greeks of Cargèse were refugees from the Mani; they came from VITYLO or OITYLOS (Laconia).
Fleeing the Ottoman tyranny, 800 Greeks decided to emigrate.
 

1663

Negotiations carried on Mgr Partenios CALCANDIS, Bishop of Vitylo, with the government of Genoa, lasted 12 years. The Genoese government finally ceded to the Greeks the territory of PAOMIA, situated approximately 50 kilometres north of Ajaccio. This grant of land was made in exchange for a small fee and on the condition that the Greeks recognise the supremacy of the Pope.
 

1665


On 25th June, the negotiations having made satisfactory progress, Mgr CALCANDIS who was to accompany the Greeks to Corsica together with 6 monks and priests, thanked the government of Genoa
.

1675


The STEPHANOPOLI commission having returned satisfied from their visit to the territory of Paomia, a contract was signed on 25th September 1675 with Captain DANIEAL, in command of the ship "Saviour", which was to carry 800 emigrants in 10 days, either to Livorno or to Genoa, for 5 reals per person (value of the real : 25 centimes) payable on arrival.
The emigrants embarked on the night of 3rd October 1675 but the "Saviour" only arrived off Genoa on 1st January 1676. Of the 800 emigrants, 120 had died during the passage.
 

1676

On 13th February, Mgr PARTHENIUS was interrogated by the Genoese authorities seeking to find out the reasons for their exile. Before leaving for Corsica, these same authorities italianised the surnames, replacing the final "AKIS" by "ACCI"; for example : PaPADAKIS became PAPADACCI.
On 14th March, three Genoese galleys anchored off the coast near Paomia. It may well have been in the little bay "dei Monachi" (of the Monks), today named Bay Forni. The name of Paomia comes from the Italian "Pavone" (peacock). Paomia was made up of five hamlets: Pancone, Corone, Rondolino, Salici and Monte-Rosso, all of which were built by the Greeks in the first year

1678


Erection at Ronolino of the main church dedicated to Our Lady of the Assumption (Saint's Day: 15th August). By hard labour, the Greeks transformed the surrounding countryside making it the best cultivated and the most productive of the area. For about fifty years they lived peacefully with their Corsican neighbours.
 

1729

General rebellion of the Corsicans against the Genoese. The Greeks refused to fight their benefactors. Considered supporters of the Genoese, their properties in Paomia were ransacked and pillaged.
In the following year, the Corsicans fought the inhabitants who defended themselves courageously. However the Genoese, who were unable to assist them, suggested they make for Ajaccio leaving behind 50 villagers to defend their settlement. This body of men were later obliged to retreat to the Ominia peninsula where they took refuge in the Genoese Tower. Deprived of food, they manages to escape by night and made their way to Ajaccio arriving at the end of April 1731..

1931 - 1774


For 43 years the Greeks lived in Ajaccio.
 

1768


1st June, the Genoese troops lowered their flags, immediately to be replaced, on the citadel of Ajaccio, by the flags of the King of France. The Greeks then formed a regiment with Comte Marbeuf incorporated into his troops.
 

1774


Through the mediation of Comte Marbeuf, the Greeks obtained the territory of Cargèse, compensating for the loss of Paomia. At the request of the Comte, Georges STEPHANOPOLI (nicknamed Captain Giorgio) partially succeeded in having this proposal accepted. Comte Marbeuf oversaw the construction, by military engineers, of 120 houses, all of the same type, 250 metres from the sea. He also had a mansion built but this was later burnt down and completely destroyed. Later, the Comte was named Marquis of Cargèse.
 

1793

The Revolution struck the island. The Chateau Marbeuf (as mentioned above) was razed to the ground by the Jacobins of Vico, but the village was not severely damaged.
The men, who had taken refuge in the two towers at either en of the Bay of Pero, were authorised to go to Ajaccio with their families. Once more the Greeks resigned in Ajaccio, this time for 4 years. On orders from the Directory, General Casabianca brought them back to Cargèse; Two-thirds elected to return (approximately 800), the others preferring to remain in Ajaccio or to leave for the continent.

1804


At this time, Cargèse had 1000 inhabitants of which about 300 were Corsican. This integration enables the village to foresee a peaceful future.
 

1808


Cargèse became a base for the reserve army. Barracks for 400-500 soldiers were built.
 

1814


Renewed threats from the villagers of Vico who, under Charles X were obliged to hand back property they had seized.
 

1830


Numerous alliances made between Greeks and Corsicans, forced the people of Vico to abandon new attacks.
 

And since then... Greeks and Corsicans have lived together on the best of terms.
 

 

 

The Dolmen Of Paomia
 


 

 

 

 


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